ࡱ> EGF      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~Apple Chancery Arial Black/-Arial MT Condensed Light*Bodoni MT Ultra Bold*CapitalsCentury GothicCharcoalComic Sans MSCopperplate Gothic Bold7Copperplate Gothic Light CoObjectListurierCourier NewCurlz MTEdwardian Script ITCGadget Georgia  d,yy3kk+4mPM2d%]@]>0'? hL kZ4&@@P}P@PPdP0 P@``@LjPP&P^UN}P& @&4P N$7CMSP B@@P&> ;G@3L@d@2@6PkZ3LP1 @@ >P `@ @}.+@@TIFF'HfutureTruck1.tifZip 100:8BIMphotos tiff: **Z dTIFF*4parkinglot.tifFZip 100:8BIMphotos tiff: *T*r gTIFFMANDALA.TIFtifZip 100:8BIMphotos tiff: *|* hTIFF~tcarRecycle.tifQw@Qv$ɀ>Zip 100:8BIMphotos tiff: *|q*h zi  0/ЀAcrobat Distiller$@@<GMMd (xKdddContents^tIndex ,^>;^>^=.^>P, 8Software:PM6.5 HelpMSoftware:xAdd 0 -  dbp ..--__-@ 0@6UU?,5?@?9^?@ yd-U0$d4;@6UUh@@#__lpha_ ^ ^? 0 + 0D p`0@ ԉD? ^?@ ? ^3?@ `@0-^^??j@^.@0R 3#  0 + Document Master0^?@ ԉD? ^?@ ? ^3?@ `-?R ^^??j@^.@0R 3 0 -Document Master!tG9p`0@ ԉD? ^?@ ? ^3?@ `@0-^^??j@^.@0R 3--.S{!  0 - !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMOPQRSTUVWXYZbcdefg'hijklm([\]^_`7anopqr8stuvwx9:<=>?AB(xKdddZGMMdCaption(xKdddhGMMdHeadline(xKdddZGMMdAuthor Bio(xKdddxGMMdBlurb (xKdddZGMMdBy line  (xKdddZGMMdBody Text  (xKddd<GMMdPhoto Credit 6(xKddddGMMdNormal6|(xKdddxGMMdBody Text Indent6| 82-3ADIST4.PPDDLetter.175lpi.2400dpi15.05175.0490.045.0175.03175.03175.0175.06XOnlyOne60.045.0NDefaultTimes$Palatino$Times New Roman$Helvetica$Arial $Geneva $_HHI_HHM_H'-(TIFFNone RegistrationPaper BlackPRed Green Blue CyanPYƈYƈMagentaPxxYellowPDAdobe Compatibility CMSAdobe Compatibility CMSPageMaker 5.0 RGB DAdobe Compatibility CMS Adobe Compatibility CMSPageMaker 5.0 CMYKADBESPALPRDMKEYL|PRDMKEYL}PRDMKEYL ~PRDMKEYL PRDMKEYLPRDMKEYLPRDMKEYLPRDMKEYLPRDMKEYLPRDMKEYLPRDMKEYLPRDMKEYLPRDMKEYLPRDMKEYLPRDMKEYL PRDMKEYLPRDMKEYLPRDMKEYL PRDMKEYL ZX ^YYB @YdZB 3|Yd[B |Yd\ [[Yd] ^Y^0 0d- -dK UdP&-d $8$$$$d!5-!!-d@ @dT@ /dU@ dV y y dW.ѰҠe!5-%.f"6J-JJ-d4H0404d|@'@0(`p7)X `7h 07h@7#p9 07 r@Eptp:EYpEEpdp pdEp #p #p8 ppd #pddd"@H544IH<4 @=4!_""d4d@H545s-FEE-AE?x-{hXXEd@s-dEdAI-(-BEDs-FEFHPn;l;lyidG [LKK `0>K* }M?K+ `1gKd/ [6dKdH [LKL-76MTTSEPTEMBER 2001PGMMd(xKddd6"16SEPTEMBER 2001PGMMd(xKddd   &  @ GENERAL xGMMd (xKddd @@ @WGMMdxx2ddd`I S C O N S I N<GMMdxx2ddd > >>ENGINEER ZGMMd xx2ddd @@&`@WGMMdxx2ddd>&@`>>I S C O N S I N<GMMdxx2ddd >& @>>ENGINEER ZGMMd xx2ddd Resolutioneb##dGMMd (xKdddf##dGMMd(xKddd* s))X p+h p+h) p#z#p( p / p66%d s sc s#l sc s%a s1i s s'i s s.i s s0y s s.q s s2y s sj sb H s(a n n+a s s,q s s.i s s'i s s(a s s,a s s*i s s(i s s*i s s0i s s,q s s%j sb s*y s s*a s s,a s s*b % sb s)a s s*i s s'q s s*y s s-i s s,i s s.i s s&i s s.i s sap s.i p p*y p p.y p p/a p p+q p p)y p p-y p p-i p p.q p p.i p p*i p p$a  p p.i p p,y p p.i p p+a p pj: pb p.a p p+i p p*y p p(i p p.y p pax p/a p p(q p p+i p p/y p p*i p p+i p p,i p p-i p p0i p p(a p pj pb p+i p p,i p p(i p p+i p p*i p p.a p p*a p p*a p p(y p p0y p p+i p paG pa p,i p p(i p p*i p p.a p p,i p p+a p p-i p p$i p p.i p pb pb p*y p p,i p p-i p p,i p p*a p p*i p p(i p p*i p p*y p p(i p p%i p p*q p p.a p p,a p p.i p p,i p p/y p p)i p p)y p p%j > pb p+a p p(i p p*q p p,y p p'q p p)y p p,y p pa p/i p p-a p p.i p p.i p p+a p p.y p p+y p p*a p p-i p p0a p p&i k k,i k k+a k k,i k kb kb k'i k k*i k k-a p p*i p p-i k k+a k k/y k k(q k kb kb k'i k k$i k k+i k k+i p p(i p p-a p p0i p p&i p p"j ~ pb p.a p p/i p p-i p pa p.a p p*q p p+i p p.q p p,a p p.i p p,y p p-a p p1i p p.q p p&i p p+a p p2i p p+a p p2q p p3i p p.i p p2a p pj pb p*i p p,i p p+i p p)a p p.i p p0y p p0q p p/i p p-i p p.i p p/q p p,a p p,q p p+i p p1i p p#j pb p,a p p0a p p%a p p-a p p,a p p.a p p(a p p*i p p)a p pb+ pGo to the window right now and look  outside. Assuming youre not read- ing this while sipping martinis on a cruise ship, I bet you see at least one car. You probably see numerous carsa whole swarm of them, tirelessly zigzagging across the landscape. Chances are that you participate in that ridiculous parade of motor vehicles on a regular basis, as either a passenger or a driver. Now think about the sound each of those cars is makingthe familiar hum (for some, the hideous rattle) of the internal combustion engine, thriving off the energy released from thousands of small explosions per minute. Consider the copious amounts of invisible pollutants continuously spewing from each tailpipe. On average, every car you see produces about 11,000 pounds of these pollutants every year. Combine this with the fact that about 35,000 cars are added each day to the estimated 600 million worldwide, and we clearly have a problem. Luckily, somebody is working on that problem. In fact, many very smart people have been working on it for quite some time, and theyve devised some ingenious solutions. Although most of these solutions involve alternatives to gasoline power, somelike the Nissan Sentra CAsimply burn gasoline cleaner than previously believed possible. The CA stands for clean air, which is more-or-less what the car emits from its tailpipe. While the Sentra CAs exhaust isnt exactly a fresh mountain breeze, on a smoggy day, it could be cleaner than the air into which it is released. Nissan didnt work this apparent miracle with a fancy new engine design; they did it solely through modifications of a normal 2000 Sentra with a 1.8-liter 4-cylinder engine. The exhaust manifolds (the chambers where exhaust is collected) are double-walled, and 3 hydrocarbon-trapping catalysts effectively scrub out the worst of the emissions. Other modifications include a sealed, zero-evaporation fuel system and an electronic swirl valve that minimizes emissions during startup. Nissans claim: the Sentra CA releases fewer emissions in a 20-mile trip than does a normal car while sitting with its engine off for the same amount of time. This is one mean, green driving machine. Even with the advent of such clean gasoline-powered vehicles, the days of the internal combustion engines reign are clearly numbered. Tremendous global competition is centered on the application of fuel cell technology to automobiles. In an individual fuel cell, a polymer membrane separates chambers of hydrogen and oxygen. With the help of a catalyst, hydrogen nuclei shed their electrons and cross the membrane to join with the oxygen on the other side. The hydrogen and oxygen combine to create water, and the electrons are exploited as electricity. When many fuel cells are placed together in a stack, they can generate enough electricity to power a car. Nearly every carmaker out there now has at least one fuel cell powered concept that is being continuously tweaked and improved in the face of fierce competition. Hondas FCX-V3 concept uses compressed hydrogen as fuel to achieve exceptional emissions. The FCX-V3 also carries the macho appeal of a sophisticated ultracapacitor that absorbs power during braking and provides an additional boost during acceleration. As a practical alternative to the hydrogen-powered FCX-V3, Daimler-Chrysler recently unveiled its Necar 5 prototype, a smooth-driving Mercedes A-Class hatchback with a driving range of 300 miles and a top speed of 80 mph. Because pure hydrogen is difficult to store and inconvenient to obtain, the Necar 5 is equipped with a fuel reformer that extracts hydrogen from methanolwhich can be easily dispensed from a modified gas station pump. Because fuel cell powered and purely electric cars are expensive and inconvenient to recharge or refuel, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) will most likely be the first tree- huggers of the automotive world to enter our daily lives. The Toyota Prius and the Honda Insight recently cruised onto the scene as the first commercially available HEVs in the U.S., and several American hybridsincluding the Ford Escape HEV and GMs Precept and ParadiGM modelsare following close behind. These vehicles employ a combination of electric and either gas or diesel power to enhance fuel economy and reduce emissions. An electric motor provides initial propulsion, and the engine kicks in gently as the car increases its speed. The battery is recharged with energy that would normally dissipate through brakinga process known as regenerative braking. While the Insight meets Californias Ultra Low Emissions Vehicle (ULEV) standards, the Prius has earned the coveted Super Ultra Low Emissions Vehicle (SULEV) certificationan addendum that became necessary when ULEV standards were unexpectedly surpassed. Toyota achieved this superior emissions rating largely through the use of a second electric starter/alternator that drives the wheels and allows the Prius to run for short intervals on purely electric power. The Prius fuel economy is further boosted by a toroidal continuously variable transmission (CVT), which employs metal power rollers to achieve completely stepless, silky-smooth shifting. Although lacking a CVT, the 5-speed Insight burns less fuel than the Prius (70 mpg versus 45 mpg on the highway, based on a road test performed by Popular Science magazine), making it possible to drive from Madison to Niagara Falls on just a little over one tank of gas. Powerful automakers like GM and Toyota arent the only ones turning heads in the competitive world of hybrid vehicle design. University competitions such as FutureCar and FutureTruck challenge teams of students to transform normal cars and sport utility vehicles into more efficient and environmentally friendlyyet marketableautomobiles. Ted Bohn, former team leader of the UW-Madison Future Car team and present FutureTruck official, has high hopes for a UW victory at this years competition. The team of UW-Madison engineering students has incorporated an electric drive train and a 99 kW diesel engine into the first truck ever produced with a completely aluminum frame (2000 Chevrolet Suburban). Bohn believes hybrid electric technology will play a key role in the future of automotive design. One of the most important features of hybrid automobiles, Bohn explains, is that with a hybrid vehicle, you can start moving totally on electric power. The engine starts gently without a spark. Starter/alternator devices such as that used in the Toyota Prius bring a cars engine up to about 1000 rpm before any fuel is used. In a normal engine, combustion at initial startup is incomplete, resulting in dirtier exhaust. As Bohn explains, In a starter/alternator system there are no partial combustion cycles, and hence much better cold start emissions. Bohn recognizes the potential for enormous fuel savings in the stop-and-go capabilities of hybrid electric systemsespecially if applied to large trucks and buses. You ask about cars of the future he says, I think this [hybrid technology] is going to make a huge difference. These engineering marvels are not merely nave daydreams of imaginative engineers. They are the products of years of research and advancement, and in many cases, they are already on the road. We could have filled this entire magazine solely with the latest innovations in earth-smart automotive technology, and engineers around the world are devising more of them as we speak (or read). Cars propelled by compressed natural gas, lightweight materials, advanced diesel engines and clean-burning diesel fuel, super engines designed by computers, astonishing aerodynamics the list goes on. But there is no need to describe all of these things here. Youll see them soon enough. Author Bio: Ryan Sydnor is looking forward to taking on the role of writing editor for the Wisconsin Engineera magazine he has grown to love over the past two years. While this year he plans to focus on not screwing up the magazine, his long-term goals include spending a year in Japan and eventually working with brain imaging technology. He would also like to enter the Peace Corps somewhere down the line. @ @lMd4ZGMMd ZGMMdZGMMd5 (xKddd(xKddd  p pb p ZGMMd(xKddd*0```@*0 hGMMd(xKddd  pRyan Sydnor ZGMMd  (xKddd A `@  `@_ `@@ Green Machines: Making the Air Cleaner and the Future Brighter AhGMMdA(xKdddAMM*F.ړΝ `x``H0H`xΟڑx 0H`x摑x`0``x응Pp0`xڠ0x 0``x`@0@H`P0` `x`P00P ``0xڢx`pH`H000H 0x`ڣ00`0Hx0`x0H0P x0`H``x`Px0`H0` 0Pp0 H0x  `0@0 x`Ppx`ڥ`xH0x@ `xH x`xpH` 0p``0x`P H0`x@ڧ`@`xH`` ````0HH0@H`x0xPp`x H @`Hx@x``0x0x@pڬPH`@  x `HH0έ`PP0@@pxH`0 ڮx H0H``Px`Hx0PH 0`Hڰ000H0@P0`x`ȵ000 x0ȾH `p`x`p``0xھ``00@H0 `xH0 HH@x`H`@`0p`0H0`@ڽ x0pxPH0``0``P``ڼPx`0x p0 xP`p@x@0`0x`λ0x`ppP0 `0`P0H0@`Ⱥx0`00p0xPڣ`` 0ε0ιڝx0P0ڹڣHx쩑@H`0``ȝp0xڵ`0 ȸx@` ȝpH0P` ڵx`H pک`@ ڤ`@ڷڝpxĜ`@0Hڵ` ò`0ȝH`ȝpH0 0ζ ε`0`ȝ ȝxP0ȩ ک``ȵε  ڵ棑  εΣ ȩ ڵ ڳ ޙ      !Ӥ ؤ rDRKDIDNR ΫrDR 8UULDε[DgULDDLUU8Uȣ♫D*ڵq*UUULDDġU DD}*ڵ-DUU3Ugȝȩ$UrDnpεp uU*UΔO"g`0 ڵ`@H "UުDNHHڵ`0މDDRD*UU*UގD[DHpڵpH UD"DUD[ǛGΉNDP ڵ`0 `UUwpDwOx@`ڵx@0g*-UƵx0xȵ`0D"^MGIDUUڝڵxP0H"8UƪgDLDJU3̟G``HLNǠDO[ P0`ΑrgMDOU* |ӪU`0`0@*ӫg Dn*t" {RID[Uo&H 8UU- "D"O [Uw5@0* 7"r D*ԍxxȑpHU ӹJ"UgpU*8L@x*[8M۫UqU~HPH@xH q U3** *8*`x `0UDRRUUkgD"{q6@```UU**&I**qUUUxp@*UΗ88UqQx`x 8n⪪UUP pUU8U*"DU*U/PpHUD8Uq**UL00UUMDUqqU*lp0`UUMU* *UUPx00UUMG&U UUn 0x@0**UU*7`x 0UUDUqwx0x``H *ƪMCx0**΁"``0HU*U"x`px`PԪUqqU*8UU88UUg0 P Ű U8UUU UqU8U0 x`0`Ԫq*UUp 0Hp ` @` p`0``PxH`  0`0 0`P0Px` ܯ0`H@00``px0 0 xPxxP`ܙ0`0p`@0H`P@ H`0`@000` `0 0H@0`H ``pp00`x0`Pp`HH00`  HHpHp@x`P0`HxH`00p`H0`x0xH`H0HpHP ` xH`PH0p``` xH0@Px0``0`P0@`0@PΑ ×0p` 0H```0 H` 0`xp`@@xH`0H000P`ݑ 0xH@0x00@``pȣ0x0H@@xP00H`ԝH H@P00@ `p`0Pp`0`0H``P00H00p00Hx000@`xx@P`0``P00x@`H0H`xP@`x`00`0Pxx H0P0`H0HPx``xp00``@PH0H@P`H 0`x0x`xP0xPxH`Pp0x0`xH `00`00`  0H`@0Hx0Pxx``H``@@`@ 0x`  `` PpP`H0Pxx0Px`0000``H0`xP`H0``p0`x`00H0`xpx0@PH@`00` xH0H`0`000`p`x 0@``xH x ``xx@0`0p``PxP0x0`P00 0`pxHxP`@Pȝ@`H0H`P@@`H 000H`x``0H`H0 H`` xx`px`P00p0 ` p`0pّxP0pp`0 x0`͑x`0P0@`0͑00@ґx````xp`x`Hڰ`εxڣȰڣگ응ڮ+XE~8BIMxHH(FG(HH(d'`8BIM8BIM x8BIM8BIM 8BIM' 8BIM5-8BIM8BIM@@8BIM 8BIM pgP0JFIFHHAdobed            gp"?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?TI%)$IJ\/_=Eg'+!ӎ[^nF,FWպ}3 9!S4aլkֵkǮ:dh=OfYx1Ylk }nsncWm>mo~o au0qloC5R[cTۧ#N'YgǻoR=1c4 S$I%)$IOTI%)$)=7ߍjrk2}\湎Nf5lYSp/юDmnNf)0oz8:vmxni/h列o_Fnr񃛙nfK{Iַ7貶69wb\LfʻevXWw_N] }o,A._N9ysqK -luֵdw9~Uϫ`uܻoshv[S+Ƹ2U]oF[$vqˮƻ?m3gEk~}gtkc4Tomh=J*V~cS/^]Kuz-Y}n$m}rVJ_uĔ̼WlZHvZ?}WT]㱡EXIJI$STI%)Q1̶ocX ng.e]y$/֏jֹ5형:YaUEtyڛʍ6W0龿}o??1y᠓K#1fkֶ=VWC7JC-ƵA6Vcf/׍O*CCgUcebE,ݱ]沊U_׿{m f~~ְǠ1Emгje˃lkkc=&~gu%>ganmBm}M wԻӱt_a4)ӱWU^G/a2C/׿Um_CՏRǾks=;a8kmKY̦Ah?ҩ4$I)I$JUW/t7d\Keվ?Z+Ǹ܆3}lsƔcm[;'!̪gٲpv&6N2SkޓK(8nZUif.=躆GMZՊeUmX=nO3=/C(m= 9k]W~cYdzVQq=źǾ}ZJ~&lmLGkZ~tqEc]))73Q{1nQJYYs{Kkфccd}^ޟ]U3gd2qWT.sVHn=ۏ iuh72Cc2AW$]mo;##w9=Jˬc]OʾۑfobvCǑFMvt9`n%Ves vc>^.KԪ4<4Ӝjկds켏_?IZ-r*[FmёSɇc:me[wo#o}JSt.K4dn-9M4Rju'}1،mwc6ڬ4SzGt)Y3+/{UD2UPϴܦ>'OO8ɧΞ5[Kl{{mw՞|g^8̭u΅n,PLɻG(ũuE\aַ6 INFckg-,?iq'hn]ֿ?U^EIJ}ys mko{k[?݅:?"kLzb V7ٹ\r)7IMGeoC5?m;67wǾ+ȡ鹍pk+j].z|j-ˈuLcIޚ1ѿ]6K^f]dceݤS 鹎~tעI%?>*2f6׍Ԛ1rl#Ji]~kAso},U;iXwbΝsՁ_E5zzwz07]y s n%^9up23}*zM nF;2ͳn=Lg"N^ܣn[GEL6=BzOQ4O8EC$W}fOu/.r캝^:]2hk0zm^|gُz:7N\-} 4ue:3qV3{WoM4=uq/jśm9pg)b0C)cGhr\:0_M8h7EV? jkOOj.>J^ӱ?v9>;m/vXneei)< hkk7_eL{kKQw\vSào|تׯnƺ̎݁S8}Qx*+fzҦKn6Mmߤ~zSt\L3,Z qW}8gk¨IWs[mk{әGHiammL}7JOgMĨ,63"oSqpZ.kF%[7WV5eղW}P-eLbIqZ^ݕ#WoYsR~d=XoY.%n~ۭ߽s"NEtz2JU?懮>o/RIOV7'΀@nÃ[ib$62avcTكbw,XmrI)%I)Wn+,s[/vysEW?G7OnXͯ;մL43ӷuhnSe>_8$r~蟵~崒S>_Kp}/NOa|J0P000(=I.1,PMAC,,TIFF2MM*Xqy}x4vRXk}}αkLӭuZ m[Onf |κtTTC aLf6yP {aijc_ `VÄviRf mV`q*do gkgN_||}:( raugi UvEk}w sUj_o\yB'0Pػ Ћy|ӕz;f]q S|cBgups H]CQ]fYG S0n>rJDl}j̞ ~^Rnn|kh`SVGDws ::ɁWkQml즚 ~toUm_dMF]\Rc*PXRJb~v]) lylsqIvu])HDyVM~U{=3 nPdrPyu(dv[&ۺgh_biu .vY8tntw\EkmR @nowVX pol_SXvfltct| /}jM$MH9 3m_Xx]vsvmoV3 ~p|fpSg]g/ PRLHL_{cm{_Q_oqU ӹB#4GpcJiWE ViN{QJ[JYu\JI_t_ 6rQGHWIv FPzc^oWXd=*h~G 3RiKU^b% -qEOvskn'g{__a7|G(tYf\duh +cPzhStgq\bm@Qq, Y[UNaZ> @~mf^[zȪ·E k iiUux6r~x|hr k_ǰ? QBnlpqig~k`wh Sl֝kMj Q5uWh{n??Qcz `Sxr]5 ȁxWl @1hVuetyk*#0V c|{ؠsp ŝ{rnC* wvutUX NgpXN@ {xi\xU5r  vc}\|_t v5lxu4+4 .EH8A񼙌 [ KkcmS=90a<£~ְϢ + <P I  9 Z&/%(K7 6G q9N5'Q :Kf ,#E|b*@8v V#nT0 lKCX~[1FW)v<#! 綸*f> e@.J Ma-рdxYVDOJL^:O&' fG[pwxnqx `oJBro:9L^Th  &~ 59;!-m}ukTD`btRlPrrvjTQkgZ`X~UBLXFoi~! >NK%= "gr|NJGT?|WhTJ|pNqBmj[CT_cf !" [mkq!CdVHDmwiirl=at|e`~\PkyVip A {娖^@x|n\iz{IoBrAwXU=jyeWNY_pib6k㩖C-<8zN~ukhbz_nYTuZZ<-H҄hiO~GFfp\vcvXl i//F: л ^CuIuozK,!DKbqdK )~IⱓOD [Su_T*h%zӚ e0,BvnU5¸J:Pf]}ZKyka^i}yA#ժ/ )wYl5-Ͳ՞f 6-3Ydq8|*FH<:ARg':O?m{jjZb~~^Yu  I 6Ur]#zΛv1C(>_gfY\bPnx>uvȦ`bSOQ% =OKPeX4F ѕ;62 lxjmgd_qhEpx%F0JN#\=6#S;loOB̞x|ioӾs%Ba?4uj4adQC n34 Cu[V^bYjml[3s#BBRT/&D~f9AF ׵mʴ[>= 97;&ciZO ƴƿ٢A4 3QOMLQ]_iW2({ $,}MsF.#4&d@/8D1=2D #!> ahhV øq1 2=ULKIMUD04kAj/LnD+i9V{%G2LU$c>6S@omMA ع޷; 25XUIDD7->>!;^.490J+/Pt#BFUP1-La7@E ӱd 11@eRG2*S̥F0:K*iq9+('} )+tNmF.*6cE-8B w 90/\Q-,lϭR;Fp72 qKj1zHlvA*i:U ֡ g-07-5t٭z:!3uφgBh< @Z)/62L,.N ۩ <1.Mg\w;%KLQEVͦP8:N)fi:Ú('# ͬ o:\nc4]-77(LF1Qyͥ@7Km9, ֡ɼ ¡mDv\> .*9Gkתq7 :&̋vPu Ŵ ŬǴL0Wv̵p4'ILN=e 톉 ǚA_,:6.NG4Z Ύ ]hR 4%=S| ϑvrOcо򺔘P>К_P鰜ʟ:-+´٩ ēS,2TN[Ӹ W,-Hp^2ϵ ȻĨ—[1.:cbvHd ؽʏjXbqthys\LWIPƒ~P,d2.6Wqivw]*ثzY^hxfuvoOPVIhEPhxtW]ci}@ G.)4Y Ȕ:,/bڔY--Gtr~zuys`CyԛcBZxdX^eqieU[ku{usq}nbFOllk>t ?-3^d1 Ϥ}I %Kǭe01Pwyu~skTT7z[\Wvt~smtxoTEggkzoqbSMFlsVS*zwzm]KM`]x]63BNCQ_\`wlihh ovP>+J[arkRBv]Q\hV+ FU ﶔX0-;ed|c4 ۶L-9l: #A{ǿҭS63Yubmea]pmTQ! f ӆȥVO)8LoU]HWsSiu[m5X oԉ`}lXXfrJZnpLP{iP+ WPC 6`2,8\prsyh>ཟh75A4# % 4W|c :-_ӈ359oZTV`Zfml^/c"!)!̐zkкbstbU_go7x_nCdxc@P {[׻CZyttukiRnLfd~-&?%iR9 ѤP0/OP,-qU vT Ԭj)KWsj @ b޼Ԣ7  M%XĿż׎644RLJKP\\N0.i[$+))%&) (/6=49=C?GGFF1752-,6<1%-#,@LƯ{.01-@~ (nZ (ⴘ cآ #Ʋ޽U21ISLIFJ?25(520.114(+1322/29NNPOA8:3+'338+!,9KIHGҷǰI00Pg< #hR  2GJ7I𺶲܄31:bTFD5+GYHC8=39A15,.9:CONKX^Y>6,,+373:+6DEGFFY<ڦżʁMfgcLG 42: ' S.װۅP1/QdM/)Z>L;:?9<895947E@Zp>䞧ɾ˸ȫgC_U-r    M߫٬/0;O.0t7MH?>1CA@=572994984.38?@A9>L9<;A==Sh{|f4쏜Ƿ_+v| A9ELC03652353158?F@=OIA>PN[fn|x,.ɜF^ M( Q32Q~`/v9=DTRQGJMU]gy}xr;𭙊xOm ug+ǹݨiuc}S{/OCII[XVD510/1.9=BKGJ[`rwtgUOm觑CQ^W tVM`ƱǩŽy@HQ& TNRXek]M@B870.-9J[o{}xajߢT$~¹ƭ&z hcO[cf`aTQMNW_v~ob]s Σx KȷX> ^YUQyo}vvbj ­ro}㨕, M`Oró n`mîכ:JM {`kñqj z U~xls Þ {QQhʇ轣ݢf9EfA*4Q ܠR,/2 Ǹj cZ@ ϛ^-/LoPG ߶ȽNcw^jshF^.L ^1-:vch/W -U@<>I\a MG\ s#%(/";/%NKA<_`O<ɛ j6-4S}pnsL^ngd\UG# BHDYcM9]o\fRL?URp Ƨ~ҩtz;)i$%&f\PMʒr :,0Lmwiys_/!%AU2Nt>!71ebM]хwlrz}zskݮrEGYe|gqkks5]<%9/. 5'ncYY¡J.._ztr|vnYE~[G+ pr/,%5paVb{ovlŧ|{tvݸYMUaRTiRZzcVdM%Z(J3I1$-&L%lrbC̹]13Iv~}{}qeUX79 I/561{ ?(obf_a̋AIanu}kW}_yzwQJ_wuTkFri-"P-P9.1 enpMBAɼӊ353muooj\mc>2])Q=!b7:%UEzgHSXԒiE]Ze}tSLiziODRD`wIxfigoe MXS\?$/>\i14=EӳZ43L|h\hb[eolVE+'l/]7)5U|Q8CScT|PC[v{h?p\JcFqX/]n[]Eam~pjzZH.xMwD)dm}r:H854`SPQZ]dmgF)- gNSKD3)2s%7=QskYюK}uWZOxQ9KbH_jpyOyslfvqyI`+V+ch{iY"mBO[C(,"=Uý^33BPLKIS[X:*F!eW7zL\;2` SG^kdY~ym|gFx^NFTh{?VVlaX_kMrKMiNT1,U[$ Y)A>1)Cȹԗ425ZPJFGE1/f&+aA.77@֮=m/:VؙCͫElwWrcENd^Vi]Tvug7 ,DPgkz(Niܨ3F*CII;eH θ[13J`LF=,/u0.EA Cp]iv*!IRU3lujiguln^nt]rnhqvvm<@·X0<(B`7: _901b\:*?Ù#10gT=2Y ,̟ep~v`ZJcYfxVwa]scKeD xn.EEX=-@rɿ ˰c/0E6)N\5 *1W<򲂶å.=8>6*wwcERzuORS®9 Ǵ ƇbUb7*7:F>$c q40-/kzh0+MXN7q E?噮WJ >d~meO=qsرVC%" h+;73K`uζݻV/?skIC=:='>K@0`$r H Omn4 lJŦkb‰^> 6jOԢȊmzTq`O V&+AR&( kgX*(yJ9cq{oaىVf|y@F ",*:(♫̾иgEK:ID>% ӠP\hygv$)S A.&"팔P9 R&`U $ ̡y G~WJC7k {4M J^WU!!14*C\2Il!ͯ ]L%`n.4#  1juɚ 83w+I% m =$  cM+k ~)!~u M` g n~මL)& %)޲ #  /89# 2  6NQ8 \),&% N (   %  \O O3ȏsi{oaqXư[V!C_ N k|{sRs _a59 ՃE%$C1jŜ }hxsVJf ӑgjmnV4/J QAȱ6ɝo}I} kxmcs_qAQt@7D ]ix_PNolLpUXzqe>M vQDC2 tԼYEe{lUaVEappalg =$  Wh(OT^hq@8hptzgMdr_~vcwPj.|@btm?dp)okymGV=IQT +:<S{A(ӑXG~rLLWf}wf.cdynv3:7#w 6nQy[Z\wyPkp,hdeH> bEx Pde|qrap!_R~{yzu_[ u -|poB^4RcHvnzqjddZ~z +24/ҋ}qmgqaKQW^uG}nhYdfz"5 +./* ïwzSIJKpmShO1EUiuwg "' &s%1kyh]\YyLN~zO(UgoE p qO:RQOuWlUdpeIqxsPxw|   bF]dEanuTtd@IMT`cV8%A*W1fampWqʻιd gtZ5=f b*9h|v| -dxphctY om\urd ދsk t; 5oVl]?yϗ7 Lmg^vrryj Đ5~}vP i9wkD:1 q^nd pwamFz~K[ ҥlB u/sfjJ* txEj}} y^sV8_UD׫݋5@ k @ 8BIMxHH(FG(HH(d'`8BIMXX8BIM x8BIM8BIM 8BIM' 8BIM5-8BIM8BIM@@8BIM(8BIM pePzJFIFHHAdobed            ep"?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?TI%)$l<ƽؗאڞj6:e%8-ٍkm eƷvEmcYJkgMUڌWyy.9Uu ޖV^Si;ʮõع8'?::V[z^m4Uscc8N{R>-#+:Rɩ纽߽fOffO_yc2M_g{w6}w3#WWC,sV}]ΧWlWSᶇ7*36YZ8v&_Tk8k1½]s/m_mʦg'֥=~r6qXmg&F+{}OR_,\_2-/0 Y\+hx9d]evRd?2+-gJ}=$9cKCZ5.&IKCrp&m8=7dT<40~u|tޙNAũAdu7gkgã2^(m[ƴX2}8v]_cSNu~|K*f SFMUZm>Yko,kwczEze9Ƨc[v;uvSKgWV{_]hޱ" [}ڱ~e_wjٌq[H  7\V5Z] Jwq~>UL>Z}~xԿ=zt}'̗:f.uU{o)eD}n>11eӇ]m{MwKoC?k0>zTהֺ{6O!nW^?Vznz~q{^-94nǽӱfOf[r,κDc^SӦnٻe[E$C*u]ր\ fߦHc3OB˱2qv[E -OF)y^_Z2\?AppȱQu~gl\k+jɻ&]ꙝ77"F77W]u&vcPϣ闣bmbbӏm[;]0stt~gnʰ˭[i2:֮˛27U[kwlxd8U}cz7Uuo3֧k[IOU?+9{UR>o[lѲ},Z}[tΏ[iay{m69SXvEE[_pmڲQ{"v=Wǻ$OtQѰ/vC9cۏǩί۬.}71kK,9kױwsT_݉@{M{{=dUy?=eËjn ~euIMߩ'U9t[n>kw}K U9w٬elJѷRF>?M̌YKxs}pm\΁H⌎VM(Y16[oJlp=Mtۅr.ul,mk?G鬟oeca-H p={\3/ȡW²+r%k?hΖ2,c(Շl9e.;r-Un[:vf>_Vcۛ@eT;d݊3nNGSEINwX?T,a`?eR*sS%=#~OOȮj- zPEK~=wAuL.u3z]? fyYlXZ[Kqçccgϡ~ձXhgg͇=׵>5O~O=T/n^%D˛[`v;16þ{5Uk{[]ޙۿwbwT9Pˣ eAr깛FV)RT_z~z;=-Q%mzmsX,cl1QaTO'зmޣ=/-kt+3v ۞,k4y}-[oұYQuSd]>6lǹcU50A}Ugc,S[_v?guO?]"\'MsffC*4bv-{=Gӷޥ?R:S1m?w~F}Kב#[^Mwd[&'h}{-j7~=WSkO4 %Tez_᪭iێΧ~m-Nj ͣ!ϣE;P:}fuqj ?2g3GP~Ӊc~"zѓ\\7mdǿ{[Ww׮/]# <,0pQ3.EzeWozWY}/gt1q%ȡd ~-ޝΦ]S:cjͲu{Gjk̹K~ѯM,v3Uæh.ut$~{?l=5[ٝ[N} cbٍnәM6d{=kqM޿)kHmJtײn.nNe59 flbzS_u݅~}0x#}_ii`ux.ENd}]k?k=>ޏ/tZt̻3l{He!ѧ%??lbgPoPv]cOf;).s.9 i{q Wust쪪V,}?qeQS],OPfXejC:v=_E*]go56\UM-s]s)t]c}uwFnE7f2}wWXt_#{s>uz`Z]Ue,N]0n>E؝jt\^ZG5"c=Eu[U2^*5sǷ9)k2r1kϾ܊}eլJs'We+vQ̶+镾+,o!3#Ӷ}^$;bWC1 X?bՃ=W0zl^6wRF>:^zʩƻ XXrzuۀ(4fW]m;.~J2Eʳ΢͛(?Lebj13-??*EMQ>^YOȷ9\􌾱V oxo_wGV:GSJ[u]A[ffYTr0JnE6MXEP72JzWe_h3r=8GM݅su?i̻]+S<[vUm),vN :=з^:W*7P]kC,km{XVz_O)}Y%aYeE'o_U竷ӱbi_IvgHgn u 9uv>[o2TFk =S8! 7辻Yeo]oIO/uޣѺÎc2YeBZQzU}NGF,AH:W-+KڟgVu|SѮz?l5~_ӲWUuZge8;Cj{}z"S~ܸn.VWMn#;gӦWhۋ?->[Ѱc / F;=LswQKZI$TI%<[gVk]mO7 t^L_E;};aF#6uXu}"}'m$yt m6ߤ顓/_޹?Ou.nuw[V^?ZƮr?{n}l]K3ncO}UW:3zVcYh^*| lwa܇U?*Ĕ]K ~%mof~{c=\Ԝ_ع׎_~U ȹα=k_k:GWKMfEwnK{huXZEngfy=lяe5dt91}xU[uYb{)Y}mCj8[q9^ߴie5c^5>k-)vKs3;ˌ6lp}{ՍMέ1w~s-ퟠ%=s\״99 A\\]C<.sM\ }-XN~?H>߇кv&H-kqk[XoXZ )%.ŧS[X-#%M$Tʩ$ꤗʩ$ꤗʩ$ꥋ{lz/Wm}/wwOS=ezI)%I)%I)%I)@P@@A(=IA