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Kumar Sridharan, Ph.D.


Kumar Sridharan, Ph.D.
Distinguished Research Professor
Fellow of American Society for Materials

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  • Program Affiliations

  • Research Expertise and Scholarly Work

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    		•
    Kumar Sridharan, Ph.D.

    Contact Information

    835 Engineering Research Building
    1500 Engineering Drive
    Madison, WI 53706-1687     		Tel: 608/263-4789
    E-mail: kumar@engr.wisc.edu

    Program Affiliations

    Research Expertise and Scholarly Work

    Research Expertise

    • Solidification and physical metallurgy

    • Processing-microstructure-properties relations in materials with emphasis on mechanical performance

    • Ion implantation and plasma-assisted deposition of thin films

    • Emerging and commercial surface engineering and analysis techniques

    • Wear of materials and nanotribology

    • Corrosion and oxidation of materials

    • High temperature materials

    • Nuclear reactor materials

    • Orthopedic and other biomaterials

    • Failure analysis

    Selected Awards, Honors and Societies

    • Co-editor of proceedings for International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation, Madison, WI, August 1993, published as topical issue in Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology, April 1994

    • Chair, "Biomedical Coatings" session, 10th Surface Modification Technology Conference, Singapore, September, 1996

    • Co-organizer, "Plasma and Vapor Deposition" sessions, American Society for Materials Annual Conference, Cleveland, OH, 1995

    • Key member of a research program that won the 1997 R&D100 award (top 100 inventions of the year) in partnership with General Motors Research Laboratory, and Los Alamos National Laboratory under a Department of Energy CRADA program

    • Vice-Chair, Surface Modification and Coatings Technology Division of The Metallurgical Society, 1997-98

    • Invited speaker/panel member, North American Technology and Industrial Base Organization (NATIBO ) - Ion Beam Processing Technologies Workshop sponsored by the Department of Defense Corpus Christi, TX, 1996 and 98

    • Member, Surface Engineering Division Committee, American Society for Materials International, 1996 - 2005

    • Member of editorial committee of journal "International Materials Reviews", 2000-present.

    • Member of editorial committee of "Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance", 2003-present.

    • Member of organizing committee of "International Surface Engineering Congress and Exposition", American Society for Materials, Indianapolis, IN, September 2003

    • Co-Chair and Organizer for session on "High Energy Photonic Processing for Surface Modification", International Surface Engineering Congress and Exhibition, American Society for Materials, Orlando, FL, August 2004.

    • Chair for session on "Materials for Supercritical Water Reactors", American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, San Diego, CA, June 2005.

    • Member of committee for the selection winners of Henry Howe Medal and Marcus Grossmann Young Author Award, American Society for Materials, 2006-present.

    • Member of University of Wisconsin-Madison Principal Investigator Committee, 2006-present.

    • Member of Federal Affairs Committee of American Society for Materials, 2007-present.

    • Chair and Organizer of symposium on "Materials Corrosion in Supercritical Systems", National Association of Corrosion Engineers Annual Conference (NACE), Atlanta, GA, March 2009.

    • Elected Fellow of American Society for Materials, 2008.

    • Member of: American Society for Materials, The Metallurgical Society, Materials Research Society

    Selected Publications

    Book Chapters:

    • "Non-Semiconductor Applications of Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation & Deposition"; K. Sridharan, S. Anders, M. Nastasi, K.C. Walter, A. Anders, O.R. Monteiro, and W. Ensinger, “Handbook of Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation & Deposition”, publisher John Wiley & Sons, New York, September 2000, pp. 553-636.

    • "Materials Characterization and Testing Methods – A Brief Survey"; K.C. Walter, K. Sridharan, and M. Nastasi, “Handbook of Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation & Deposition”, publisher John Wiley & Sons, New York, September, 2000, pp. 303-339.

    • "Plasma Implantation"; J.H. Booske, R.J. Matyi, J.R. Conrad, and K. Sridharan, Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, publisher Wiley Interscience, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, July 2007, on-line, 9 pages.

    • "Diamond-like Carbon Coatings for Tribological Applications"; K. Sridharan and V. Sundaram, “Plasma Surface Engineering and its Practical Applications”, publisher Research Sign Post, Trivandrum, India, 2008.

    Journal Articles:

    • "A Technique for Determination of Microhardness Profiles Across Thin Surface Diffusion Layers"; K. Sridharan, A.M. Redsten, F.J. Worzala, R.A. Dodd, and J.R. Conrad, Thin Solid Films, 175, 1989, p. 153.

    • "Elevated Temperature Nitrogen Ion Implantation of Incoloy Alloys 908 and 909 using PSII Process"; K. Sridharan, J.R. Conrad, F.J. Worzala, and R.A. Dodd, Materials Science and Engineering, A128, 1990, p. 259.

    • "Ion Beam Enhanced Deposition of Titanium Nitride on Inconel 718"; K. Sridharan, K.C. Walter, and J.R. Conrad, Materials Research Bulletin, 26, 5, 1991, p. 367.

    • "Surface Modification of Ti-6Al-4V Surgical Alloy by Plasma Source Ion Implantation"; A. Chen, K. Sridharan, J.R. Conrad, and R.P. Fetherston, Surface and Coatings Technology, 50, 1991, p. 1.

    • "Martensitic Transformation and Invar Effect in Fe-Ni-Co Alloys"; K. Sridharan, F.J. Worzala, and R.A. Dodd, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 30, 2, 1992, p. 115.

    • "Carbon Ion Implantation of Pure Iron"; K. Sridharan, J.R. Conrad, R.A. Dodd, and F.J. Worzala, Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, 26, 1992, p. 1037.

    • "Nitrogen Plasma Source Ion Implantation of AISI S1 Tool Steel”; A.M. Redsten, K. Sridharan, F.J. Worzala, and J.R. Conrad, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 30, 1992, p. 253.

    • "Heat Treatment and Microstructure of a Fe-Ni-Co Invar Alloy Strengthened by Intermetallic Precipitation"; K. Sridharan, F.J. Worzala, and R.A. Dodd, Materials Characterization, 29 (3), 1992, p. 321.

    • "Use of Nitrogen Implanted Chromium Overcoat for Improving the Durability of Thin-Film Magnetic Media", Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, D.E. Muller, K.C. Walter, K. Sridharan, J.R. Conrad, and S. Aggarwal, 1 (4), 1992, p. 489.

    • "A Machine for Fretting Wear Testing of Plasma Surface Modified Materials"; P. W. Sandstrom, K. Sridharan, and J. R. Conrad, Wear, 166, 1993, p. 163.

    • "Plasma Source Ion Implantation: An Environmentally Acceptable Alternative to Wet Chemical Plating"; J.R. Conrad, K. Sridharan, M.M.Shamim et al, International Journal of Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing, 2 (1), 1993, p.61.

    • "Sheath Dynamics and Dose Analysis in Planar Targets in Plasma Source Ion Implantation"; S.M. Malik, R.P. Fetherston, K. Sridharan, and J.R. Conrad, Plasma Sources – Science and Technology, 2 (2) 1993, p. 81.

    • "Microstructure Control in Alloy Steel Powders"; K. Sridharan and J.H. Perepezko, International Journal of Powder Metallurgy, 30 (3), 1994, p. 301.

    • "Sputter Deposition of Tantalum-Nitride Films on Copper using an RF-Plasma"; K.C. Walter, R.P. Fetherston, K. Sridharan, A. Chen, M. Shamim, and J.R. Conrad, Materials Research Bulletin, 29 (8), 1994, p. 827.

    • "Plasma Source Ion Implantation"; R. Reeber & K. Sridharan, Advanced Materials and Processes, 12/1994, p.21.

    • "A Fretting Wear Study of Nitrogen Implanted Titanium Alloy"; N. Horswill, K. Sridharan, and J.R. Conrad, Journal of Materials Science Letters, 14, 1995, p.1349.

    • "Distribution of Incident Ions and Retained Dose Analysis for a Wedge-Shaped Target in Plasma Source Ion Implantation"; S.M. Malik, D.E. Mueller, K. Sridharan, R.P. Fetherston, N. Tran, and J.R. Conrad, Journal of Applied Physics, 77 (3), 1995, p.1015.

    • "Chromium Plating Pollution Source Reduction by Plasma Source Ion Implantation"; A. Chen, X. Qiu, K. Sridharan et al, Surface and Coatings Technology, 82, 1996, p. 305.

    • "An Evaluation of Metallic Coatings for Erosive Wear Resistance in Die Casting Applications"; R. Shivpuri, Y. Chu, K. Venkateshan, J.R. Conrad, K. Sridharan, M. Shamim, and R.P. Fetherston, Wear, 192, 1996, p. 49.

    • "Advances in PSII Techniques for Surface Modification"; K.C. Walter, M. Nastasi, N.P. Baker, C.P. Munson, W.K. Scarborough, J.T. Scheuer, B.P. Wood, J.R. Conrad, K. Sridharan, S. Malik, R.A. Breun, Surface and Coatings Technology, 103/104, p. 205, 1998.

    • "Surface Modification on 304 SS by Plasma-Immersed Ion Implantation to improve the Adherence of a CVD Diamond Film, M.C.A. Nono, E.J. Corat, M. Ueda, C. Stellati, J.J. Barroso, J.R. Conrad, M. Shamim, P. Fetherston, and K. Sridharan, Surface and Coatings Technology, 112, 1-3, p. 295, 1999.

    • "Evaluation of Four Commercially Produced Surface Treatments"; J.R. Diebel, K. Sridharan, and S.J. Bull, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 10(3), 2001, p. 263.

    • "Wear-Corrosion Comparisons of Passivating vs Nonpassivating Alloys in Aerated 3.5% Aqueous Solution of NaCl": N. Latona, P. Fetherston, A. Chen, K. Sridharan, & R.A. Dodd, Corrosion, 57/10, 2001, p. 884.

    • "Fretting Wear Study of Surface Modified NiTi Shape Memory Alloy"; L. Tan, W.C. Crone and K. Sridharan, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 13, 2002, p. 501.

    • "Application of Hydrocarbon Plasmas for Modifying Near-Surface Characteristics of Bearing Steel"; K. Sridharan, E.H. Wilson, D.F. Lawrence, and J.R. Jacobs, Applied Surface Science, 222, 2004, p. 208.

    • "Atomic Scale Friction and its Connections to Fracture Mechanics"; R.W. Carpick, E.E. Flater, K. Sridharan, D.F. Ogletree, and M. Salmeron, Journal of Materials, October 2004, p. 48.

    • "The Effect of Surface Chemistry and Structure on Nano-Scale Adhesion and Friction"; R.W. Carpick, E.E. Flater, and K. Sridharan, Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering, 90, 2004, p. 197.

    • "Effects of Oxygen Ion Implantation on Wear Behavior of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy"; L. Tan, G. Shaw, K. Sridharan, and W.C. Crone, Mechanics of Materials, vol. 37/10, 2005, p. 1059.

    • "The Effect of Grain Boundary Engineering on the Oxidation Behavior of INCOLOY alloy 800H in Supercritical Water"; L. Tan, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol. 348, 2006, p. 263.

    • "Wear Resistance of a Functionally-Graded Aluminum Matrix Composite"; Z.H. Melgarejo, O.M. Suarez, and K. Sridharan, Scripta Materialia, vol. 55, 1, 2006, p. 95.

    • "Corrosion Behavior of Ferritic­-Martensitic Steel T91 in Supercritical Water"; Y. Chen, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Corrosion Science, vol. 48, 9, 2006, p. 2843.

    • "Microstructural Examination of Oxide Layers formed on an Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Ferritic Steel Exposed to Supercritical Water"; Y. Chen, K. Sridharan, T.R. Allen, and S. Ukai, Journal of Nuclear Materials, 359, 2006, p 50.

    • "Corrosion of Ferritic-Martensitic Steel HT9 in Supercritical Water"; X. Ren, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Journal of Nuclear Materials, 358, 2/3, 2006, p. 227.

    • "Oxidation of Plasma Surface Modified Zirconium Alloy in Pressurised High Temperature Water"; K. Sridharan, S.P. Harrington, A.K. Johnson, J.R. Licht, M.H. Anderson, and T.R. Allen, Journal of Materials and Design, vol. 28, 4, 2007, p. 1177.

    • "The Role of Grain Boundary Engineering in the SCC behavior of F-M alloy HT-9 in Supercritical Water"; G. Gupta, P. Ampornrat, X. Ren, K. Sridharan, T. R. Allen, and G. S. Was, Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol. 361, 2007, p. 160.

    • "Small Amplitude Reciprocating Wear Performance of Diamond-Like Carbon Films: Dependence of Film Composition and Counterface Material"; J.A. Bares, A.V. Sumant, D.S. Grierson, R.W. Carpick, and K. Sridharan, Tribology Letters, vol. 27, 1, 2007, p. 79.

    • "Corrosion Behavior of Alloys 625 and 718 in Supercritical Water"; X. Ren, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Corrosion, vol. 63, 7, 2007, p. 603.

    • "Corrosion behavior of Ferritic-Martensitic steel HCM12A Exposed to Harsh Environments"; L. Tan, M.T. Machut, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol. 371, 2007, p. 161.

    • "Effect of Thermomechanical Processing on Grain Boundary Character Distribution of a Ni-based Superalloy"; L. Tan, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol. 371, 2007, p. 171.

    • "Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking in Supercritical Water"; G.S. Was, P. Ampornrat, G. Gupta, S. Teysseyre, E.A. West, T.R. Allen, K. Sridharan, L. Tan, Y. Chen, X. Ren, and C. Pister, Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol. 371, 2007, p. 176.

    • "Oxidation of 9Cr Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steel Exposed in Supercritical Water"; Y. Chen, K. Sridharan, S. Ukai, and T.R. Allen, Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol. 371, 2007, p. 118.

    • "Time Dependence of Corrosion in Steels for use in Lead-Alloy Cooled Reactors"; M.T. Machut, K. Sridharan, N. Li, S. Ukai, and T.R. Allen, Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol. 371, 2007, p. 134.

    • "Microstructure Tailoring for Property Improvements by Grain Boundary Engineering"; L. Tan, K. Sridharan, T.R. Allen, R. Nanstad, and D. McClintock, Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol. 374, 2008, p. 270.

    • "Materials Challenges for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems"; T.R. Allen, K. Sridharan, L. Tan, W.E. Windes, J.I. Cole, D.C. Crawford, and G.S. Was, Nuclear Technology, vol. 162, 3, 2008, p. 342.

    • "Biocompatibility of Uncoated and Diamond-like Carbon Coated Ti-20%"Hf Alloy"; S.D. Kuhn, K. Sridharan, Z.Hao, P.Muir, M.Suresh, A.Singh, and S.V. Raj, Materials Science and Technology, vol. 24, 5, 2008, p. 575.

    • "Microstructure and Properties of Functionally Graded Al-Mg-B Composites Fabricated by Centrifugal Casting"; Z.H. Melgarejo, O.M. Suarez, and K. Sridharan, Composites A, vol. 39, 2008, p. 1150.

    • "Altering Corrosion Response via Grain Boundary Engineering"; L. Tan, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Materials Science Forum, vol. 595-598, 2008, p. 409.

    • "Effect of Shot Peening on the Oxidation of Alloy 800H Exposed to Supercritical Water and Cyclic Oxidation"; L. Tan, X. Ren, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Corrosion Science, vol. 50, 2008, p. 2040.

    • "Corrosion Behavior of Ni-Based Alloys for Advanced High Temperature Water-Cooled Nuclear Plants"; L. Tan, X. Ren, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Corrosion Science, vol. 50, 2008, p. 3056.

    • "Materials Corrosion in Molten Salt LiF-NaF-KF Salt"; L.C. OLson, J.W. Ambrosek, K. Sridharan, M.H. Anderson, and T.R. Allen, Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, vol. 130, 2009, p. 6773.

    • "Current Status of Knowledge of the Fluoride Salt (FLiNaK) Heat Transfer"; J.W. Ambrosek, M.H. Anderson, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Nuclear Technology, 165, 2, 2009, p. 166.

    Reviewed Conference Proceedings:

    • "A Precipitation Hardened, Low Thermal Expansion Fe-Ni-Co-Al-Ti Alloy"; K. Sridharan, F.J. Worzala, and R.A. Dodd, proc. ASM Europe Technical Conference, Paris, France, September 1987, Advanced Materials and Processing Techniques for Structural Applications, eds. T. Khan and A. Lasalmonie, p. 501.

    • "Microstructure and Properties of Unirradiated and Irradiated High-Strength Invar Alloys"; K. Sridharan, R.D. Griffin, R.A. Dodd, and F.J. Worzala, proc. conf. TMS-AIME on Physical Metallurgy of Controlled Expansion Invar-Type Alloys, Las Vegas, NV, February 1989, Physical Metallurgy of Controlled Expansion Invar-Type Alloys, eds. K.C. Russell and D.F. Smith, p. 171.

    • "Application of Coatings for EM Gun Technology"; M.A. Otooni, A. Graf, G. Colombo, J.R. Conrad, K. Sridharan, M.M. Shamim, and R.P. Fetherston, proc. conf. proc. Materials Research Society Symposium, Boston, MA, 1993, 316, p.577.

    • "First Results from the Los Alamos Plasma Source Ion Implantation Experiment"; D.J. Rej, J.R. Conrad, R.J. Faehl, R.J. Gribble, I. Henins, N. Horswill, P. Kodali, M. Nastasi, W.A. Reass, M. Shamim, K. Sridharan, J.R. Tesmer, K. C. Walter, and B.P. Wood, proc. Materials Research Society Symposium, Boston, MA, 1994, 316, p. 593.

    • "Comprehensive Modeling of Plasma Source Ion Implantation"; M. Kissick, J.P. Blanchard, J.D. Callen, J.R. Conrad, S. Malik, and K. Sridharan, proc. 27th International SAMPE Technical Conference, Albuquerque, NM, 10/1995, p. 11.

    • "Plasma Source Ion Implantation - Science and Technology"; K. Sridharan, J.R. Conrad, F.J. Worzala, A. Chen, M.M. Shamim, R.P. Fetherston, J.P. Blanchard, R.J. Matyi, D.L. Chapek, and R.A. Dodd, proc. TMS - 9th International Conference on Surface Modification Technologies, Cleveland, OH, 10/1995, p. 401.

    • "Plasma-Based Surface Treatments as Environmentally Clean Alternatives to Electroplating Processes"; K. Sridharan, et al, proc. NSF Design and Manufacturing Grantees Conference, Seattle, WA, 1998, p. 481.

    • "Plasma Source Ion Implanted Nickel-Titanium for Biomedical Applications"; W. C. Crone and K. Sridharan, proc. International Conf. on Shape Memory & Superelastic Technologies, Pacific Grove, CA, 2000, p. 319.

    • "Plasma Source Ion Implantation Technology for Engineering Surfaces of Materials"; E.H. Wilson, D.F. Lawrence, K. Sridharan, and P.W. Sandstrom, proc. 16th Intl. Conf. on the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry, Denton, TX, November 2000, ed. J.L. Duggan, American Institute of Physics, vol., 576, 2001, p.1032.

    • "Nanocontacts: Fabrication, Characterization, and Nanotribology Studies"; R. W. Carpick, J.R. VanLangendon, E.H. Wilson, and K. Sridharan, proc. conf. Society of Experimental Mechanics, Portland, OR, June 2001, p. 725.

    • "Experimental Investigation of the Wear Behavior in Surface Modified NiTi"; L. Tan, W. C. Crone, E.H. Wilson, K. Sridharan, proc. conf. Society of Experimental Mechanics, Portland, OR, June 2001, p. 562.

    • "Frictional and Adhesive Properties of Diamond-like Carbon/Silicon Nitride Nanocontacts"; E.E. Flater, J.R. Vanlangendon, E.H. Wilson, K. Sridharan, and R.W. Carpick, proc. conf. Society of Experimental and Applied Mechanics, Milwaukee, WI, June 2002.

    • "On Supercritical Water Heat Transfer, Corrosion, and Stability”; R. Jain, V. Seshadri, M. Anderson, K. Sridharan, M. Corradidni, D. Cho, and S. Lomperski Trans. American Nuclear Society, Washington, D.C., November 2002.

    • "Corrosion Behavior of Candidate Alloys for Supercritical Water Reactors"; K. Sridharan, A.Zillmer, J.R. Licht, T.R. Allen, M.H. Anderson, and L. Tan, proc. International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants, Pittsburgh, PA, June 2004.

    • "Near-Surface Alloying of Neutron Absorbing Elements into Zirconium-Alloy Fuel Clad Material"; K. Sridharan, T.J. Renk, S.P. Harrington, E.J. Lahoda,R. Comstock,and M.L. Corradini, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Pittsburgh, PA, June 2004.

    • "Corrosion of Candidate Materials for Lead-Cooled Reactors"; M.T. Machut, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, proc. NACE-Corrosion Annual Conference, Houston, TX No. 5590, April 2005.

    • "Corrosion Behavior of NF616 and D9 as Candidate Alloys for Supercritical Water Reactors"; Y. Chen, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, proc. NACE-Corrosion Annual Conference, Houston, TX, No. 5391, April 2005.

    • "Corrosion of Surface Modified Alloys in Supercritical Water"; K. Sridharan, J.A. King, S.P. Harrington, A.K. Johnson, M.H. Anderson, and T.R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Materials for Supercritical Water Reactors, San Diego, CA, ed., D.J. Folkerts, ISSN: 003-018X, vol. 92, p. 123, June 2005.

    • "Surface Alloying of Boron into Zirconium-Alloy Fuel Cladding Material"; K. Sridharan, T.J. Renk, A.K. Johnson, S.P. Harrington, E.J. Lahoda, P.P. Provencio, and M.L. Corradini, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Advanced Nuclear Energy Research and Development, San Diego, CA, ed. D.J. Folkerts, ISSN: 003-018X, vol. 92, p. 257, June 2005.

    • "Long-Term Corrosion Performance of Alloys in Supercritical Water"; A.J. Zillmer, J.R. Licht, K. Sridharan, T.R. Allen, and M.L. Corradini, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Materials for Supercritical Water Reactors, San Diego, CA, ed., D.J. Folkerts, ISSN: 003-018X, vol. 92, p. 121, June 2005.

    • "Corrosion of Candidate Materials in Lead-Cooled Reactors", M.T. Machut, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Corrosion Compatibility in Lead-Alloy Cooled Systems, San Diego, CA, ed. D.J. Folkerts, ISSN: 003-018X, vol. 92, p. 131, June 2005.

    • "Corrosion of Ferritic-Martensitic Steels in Supercritical Water"; X. Ren, L. Zheng, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Materials for Supercritical Water Reactors, San Diego, CA, ed., D.J. Folkerts, ISSN: 003-018X, vol. 92, p. 119, June 2005.

    • "Functionally Graded Aluminum Matrix Composites for High Wear Aerospace Applications"; Z.H. Melgarejo, O.M. Suarez, and K. Sridharan, Proc. Third International Materials Congress, Cartagena, Columbia, September 2005.

    • "Corrosion of Candidate Materials for Supercritical-Cooled Reactors"; T.R. Allen, Y. Chen, L. Tan, X. Ren, K. Sridharan, and S. Ukai, proc. 12th International Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Systems, Salt Lake City, UT, p.1397, August 2005.

    • "Corrosion and Radiation Response of Advanced Ferritic-Martensitic Steels for Generation IV Application"; T. R. Allen, L. Tan, Y. Chen, K. Sridharan, M. T. Machut,J. Gan, G. Gupta, G. S. Was, and S. Ukai, proc. Global 2005, Tskuba, Japan, Paper No. IL 001, October 2005.

    • "Corrosion Performance of Surface Modified Materials for Lead-Cooled Reactors"; M.T. Machut, K. Sridharan, N. Li, and T.R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Winter Conference, Washington D.C, vol. 93, p. 471, 2005.

    • "Oxidation Behavior of HCM12A Exposed in Harsh Environments"; L. Tan, M. T. Machut, K. Sridharan,and T.R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Reno, NV, vol. 94, p.745, June 2006.

    • "Modeling Corrosion Mechanisms of Steels for Lead-Alloy Cooled Reactors"; M. Machut, K. Sridharan, Ning Li, and T. R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Reno, NV, vol. 94, p.750, June 2006.

    • "Experimental Design for Testing Materials Corrosion in Molten Fluoride Salt"; L. Olson, K. Sridharan, M. Anderson, and T. R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Reno, NV, vol. 94, p.805, June 2006.

    • "Grain Boundary Engineering of FCC and BCC Alloys"; L. Tan, K. Sridharan, and T. R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Reno, NV, vol. 94, p.744, June 2006.

    • "Corrosion of 9Cr Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steel in Supercritical Water Environment"; Y. Chen, K. Sridharan, and T. R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Reno, NV, vol. 94, p.740, June 2006.

    • "Oxidation of Materials in Supercritical Water Environment"; K. Sridharan, L. Tan, Y. Chen, A. Kruizenga, X. Ren, and T. R. Allen, proc. High Temperature Degradation of Fe-, Ni-, and Co- Alloys, Materials Science and Technology Conference, Cincinnati, OH, eds. R.B. Rebak, B.A. Baker, and B.A. Pint, p. 363, October 2006.

    • "Corrosion of Candidate Austenitic Stainless Steels for Supercritical Water Reactors"; Y. Chen, K. Sridharan, and T. R. Allen, proc. NACE-Corrosion Annual Conference, Nashville, TN, No. 07408, March 2007.

    • "Progress in Understanding Corrosion in Supercritical Water Systems"; Y. Chen, A. Kruizenga, X. Ren, L. Tan, Y. Yang, K. Sridharan, M.H. Anderson, and T.R. Allen, proc. 3rd International Symposium on Supercritical Water-Cooled Reactors, Shanghai, China, p. 128, March 2007.

    • "Evolution of Carbide Precipitates in 2.25%Cr-1Mo Steel with Long-Term Sevice Aging in Supercritical Water"; Y. Yang, A. Certain, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, proc. 3rd International Symposium on Supercritical Water-Cooled Reactors, Shanghai, China, p. 266, March 2007.

    • "Effects of Surface Roughness, Shot Peening, and Plasma-Assisted Elemental Surface Modification on Corrosion Resistance of Steels for use in Lead-Alloy Cooled Fast Reactors"; M. Machut, K. Sridharan, N. Li, and T. R. Allen, proc. International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants, Nice, France, No. 7221, May 2007.

    • "Alloy Corrosion in Molten FLiNaK Salt"; L.C. Olson, J.W. Ambrosek, K. Sridharan, M.H. Anderson, and T. R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Boston, MA, vol. 96, p.711, June 2007.

    • "Boron IFBA Surface Treatment of Fuel Cladding Materials"; J.A. Gudmundson, K. Sridharan, T.R. Allen, and T.J. Renk, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Boston, MA, vol. 96, p.836, June 2007.

    • "Microstructural Influence on the Corrosion Behavior of Structural Materials for Nuclear Power Systems"; L.Tan, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, proc. Workshop on Structural Materials for Innovative Nuclear Systems, Karlsruhe, Germany, p.183, June 2007.

    • "Effect of Yttrium Thin Film Surface Modification on Corrosion Layers formed on 9Cr ODS Steel in Supercritical Water"; Y. Chen, K. Sridharan, S. Ukai, and T. R. Allen, proc. 13th International Conference on Environmental Degradation in Nuclear Power System, Vancouver, Canada, August 2007.

    • "High Temperature Corrosion of Materials in Supercritical Water and Liquid Lead-Alloy Environments"; K. Sridharan, Y. Chen, L. Tan, M.T. Machut, A. Kruizenga, X. Ren, and T. R. Allen, Electrochemical Society Transactions, Washington D.C., vol. 11, February 2008.

    • "Materials Corrosion in Liquid KCl-MgCl2 Salt"; J.W. Ambrosek, K. Sridharan, M.H. Anderson, and T.R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Anaheim, CA, vol. 98, p.1038, June 2008.

    • "Effect of Shot Peening on Oxidation of Ferritic-Martensitic Steels in Supercritical Water Reactors"; X. Ren, K. Sridharan, and T. R. Allen, proc. NACE-Corrosion Annual Conference, New Orleans, LA, No. 08425, March 2008.

    • "Electrochemical Analysis of Molten Salts in Conjunction with Neutron Activation Analysis"; D.C. Ludwig, L.C. Olson, T.R. Allen, M.H. Anderson, and K. Sridharan, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Anaheim, CA, vol. 98, p.1040, June 2008.

    • "High Temperature Environmental Stability of Boron Surface Treated Fuel Cladding Materials"; J.A. Gudmundson, K. Sridharan, T.R. Allen, E.J. Lahoda, and T.J. Renk, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Anaheim, CA, vol. 98, p.1138, June 2008.

    • "Research and Development on Materials Corrosion Issues in Supercritical Water Environment"; T.R. Allen, K. Sridharan, Y. Chen, L. Tan, X. Ren, and A. Kruizenga, proc. International Conference on Pressurized Water Systems, Berlin, Germany, September 2008.

    • "System for High Temperature Spectral Emissivity Measurement of Materials for VHTR Applications "; S.R. Slattery, T.L. Malaney, S.J. Weber, M.H. Anderson, K. Sridharan, and T.R. Allen, proc. ASME 4th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology, Washington D.C, September 2008.

    • "Materials Development and Selection for Corrosion Resistance: A Critical Issue in Supercritical Water Reactors"; T.R. Allen, K. Sridharan, Y. Chen, L. Tan, X. Ren, and A. Kruizenga, proc. 16th Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference, Aomori, Japan, October 2008.

    • "Pilot Project for Irradiation Testing of Materials at the ATR-National Scientific User Facility"; H.J. MacLean, K. Sridharan, Y. Yang, L. Tan, T.J. Gerczak, and T. R. Allen, Trans. American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Atlanta, GA, June 2009.

    Published Abstracts:

    • "Effect of Particle Size on Microstructure of Rapidly Solidified Tool Steel Powders"; K. Sridharan and J.H. Perepezko, World Materials Congress, Chicago, IL,, September 1988.

    • "Effect of Irradiation with 4MeV Ni Ions on Microstructure of High Strength Invar Alloys"; K. Sridharan, R.D. Griffin, R.A. Dodd, and F.J. Worzala, TMS-ASM Annual Conf., Las Vegas, NV, March 1989.

    • "Glow Discharge Characterization of Plasma Source Ion Implantation"; M.M. Shamim, K. Sridharan, R.P. Fetherston, and J.R. Conrad, 45th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conf., Boston, MA, October 1992.

    • "Results of Industrial Field Testing of Plasma-Treated Targets"; K. Sridharan, R.P. Fetherston, J.R. Conrad, and F.J. Worzala, IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, Madison, WI, June 1995.

    • "Development of Plasma-Based Techniques to Reduce Environmental Hazards Associated with Wet-Bath Electroplating Procedures";K. Sridharan, R.A. Breun, J. Callen, J.R. Conrad, A. Chen, R.P. Fetherston, and M.M. Shamim, 4th International Congress on Environmentally Conscious Design and Manufacturing, Cleveland, OH, July 1996.

    • "Ion-Assisted Coatings for Enhancing Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Engineering Materials", K. Sridharan, J.R. Conrad, R.A. Breun, M.M. Shamim, R.P. Fetherston, and A. Chen, DoD Workshop on Hot Gas Erosion and Wear of Materials, Ann Arbor, MI, September 1996.

    • "Design of a Sputtering Cathode for Binary Alloy Deposition"; M.M. Shamim, P.Fetherston, K. Sridharan, and J.R. Conrad, 49th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conf., Argonne, IL, October 1996.

    • "Production of Silicon-Containing Diamond-like Carbon by Plasma Immersion Ion Processing"; S.M. Malik, K. Sridharan, R.A. Breun, and J.R. Conrad, 4th International Conf. on Plasma Based Ion Implantation, Dearborn, MI, September 1997.

    • "Diamond-like Carbon Coating for Protection of High Strength Steel and Titanium Alloys"; V. Sundaram, D. Dull, J. Rogers, and K. Sridharan, Jl. Materials (9/2000), ASM/TMS Annual Conf. St. Louis, MO, October 2000.

    • "Surface Modification of NiTi with Plasma Source Ion Implantation for Biomedical Applications"; W.C. Crone, K. Sridharan, and L. Tan, International Congress of Theoretical & Applied Mechanics, Chicago, IL, August 2000, ICTAM 2000, ISSN 0073-5264, No. 950.

    • "Diamond-like Carbon Coating as a Replacement for Electroplated Hard Chromium"; D. Dull, V. Sundaram, J. Rogers, K. Sridharan, E. Wilson, and D. Lawrence" Department of Defense - Concurrent Technologies Conference on Cadmium, Chromium, and Nickel Alternatives: An Information Exchange", Seven Springs, PA, September 2000.

    • "Plasma Source Ion Implanted Nickel Titanium for Biomedical Applications"; W.C. Crone and K. Sridharan, proc. conf. Minimally Invasive Therapy and Allied Technologies, 2000, 9(2), p. 158.

    • "Ultrahard, Ultralow Friction Nanocontacts"; R.W. Carpick, J.R. Vanlangendon, E.H. Wilson, and K. Sridharan, 11th International Conference on Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, Spectroscopy and Related Techniques, Vancouver, Canada, July 2001.

    • "Influence of Surface Modification on Indentation and Wear Behavior in NiTi Shape Memory Alloy"; W.C. Crone, L. Tan, and K. Sridharan, Symposium on Physics, Mechanics, and Modeling of Phase Transformations, San Diego, CA, June 2001.

    • "Diamond-Like Carbon Nanocontacts"; R.W. Carpick, J.R. VanLangedon, E.H. Wilson, and K. Sridharan, AVS 48th International Symposium and 11th International Conference on Solid Surfaces, San Francisco, CA, October 2001.

    • "Deposition of Low Surface Energy, Wear-Resistant Films on MEMS-LIGA Devices using an Energetic Pulsed Plasma Immersion Process"; K. Sridharan, A.M. Morales, E.H. Wilson, and J.R. Woodworth, Materials Research Society conference, Boston, MA, November 2001.

    • "Humidity Dependence of Friction and Adhesion for Diamond-like Carbon/Silicon Nitride Nanocontacts"; E.E. Flater, J.R. VanLangendon, K. Sridharan, and R.W. Carpick, Gordon Research Conference on Tribology, Bristol, RI, August 2002.

    • "Near-Surface Alloying of Zirconium and Gadolinium Using Deposition and Eneregetic Ion Bombardment Processes"; T.J. Renk, K. Sridharan, S.P. Harrington, E.J. Lahoda, and M.L. Corradini, International Symposium on Processing and Fabrication of Advanced Materials, American Society for Materials Annual Conference, Pittsburgh, PA, October 2003.

    • "The Effect (and non-effect) of Water on Friction and Adhesion for Diamond-like Carbon Films"; E.E. Flater, K. Sridharan, and R.W. Carpick, Materials Research Society Symposium on Dynamics in Small Confining Systems, Boston, MA, December 2003.

    • "Applications of Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and Deposition"; K. Sridharan, E.H. Wilson, and M.M. Shamim, 7th International Conference on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation, San Antonio, TX,September 2003.

    • "Synthesis of Hard Carbon Thin Layers with Unique Structures using Cold Plasma Environments"; S. Manolache, F.S. Denes, L.E. Barba, and K. Sridharan, Hawaii International Conferences on Sciences, Honolulu, HI, January 2004.

    • "Nanotribological Properties of Advanced Nanostructured Carbon Films";D.S. Grierson, A.V. Sumant, J.E. Gerbi, J. Birrell, J.A. Carlisle, O.H. Auciello, K. Sridharan, and R.W. Carpick, 41st Society of Engineering Sciences Technical Conference, Lincoln, NE, October 2004.

    • "Nanotribology of High Performance Amorphous Carbon Films"; D. Grierson, A.V. Sumant, K. Sridharan, E.E. Flater, T.A. Friedmann, J.P. Sullivan, R.W. Carpick, conf. American Physical Society, Los Angeles, CA, March 2005.

    • "Energetic Ion-Based Surface Treatments for Orthopedic Materials"; K. Sridharan, Symposium on Engineering in Biology and Medicine, Madison, WI, April 2005.

    • "Intense Ion Beams from the MAP Active Ion Source For Materials Processing Applications"; T.J. Renk, P.P. Provencio, S.V. Prasad, T.E. Buchheit, K. Sridharan, and D.W. Peterson, conf. IEEE Pulsed Power Technology, Monterey, CA, June 2005.

    • "Nanotribology of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond and Amorphous Carbon Interfaces"; D. S. Grierson, A.V. Sumant, J. Birrell, O. Auciello, J. A. Carlisle, K. Sridharan, T.A. Friedmann, J.P. Sullivan, R.W. Carpick, proc. Gordon Research Conference on Tribology, Waterville, ME, June 2006.

    • "Nanotribological Properties of Diamond-like Carbon Thin Films: Studying how Annealing Affects Adhesion and Friction at the Nanoscale"; D. S. Grierson, A.R. Konicek, A. V. Sumant, K. Sridharan, and R. W. Carpick, proc. American Vacuum Society 53rd International Symposium, San Francisco, CA, November 2006.

    • "Evaluation of Materials Corrosion in Molten Fluoride Salts"; L.C. Olson, J.W. Ambrosek, K. Sridharan, M.H. Anderson, T.R. Allen, and M.L. Corradini, proc. American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Conference, San Francisco, CA, November 2006.

    • "Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking in Supercritical Water using Tubular Configuration"; A. Kruizenga, T.R. Allen, and K. Sridharan, proc. 13th International Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems, Vancouver, Canada, August 2007.

    • "Nanoscale Silicon-Doped Diamond-Like Carbon Tips"; H. Bhaskaran, B. Gotsmann, U. Dreschsler, M. Lantz, A. Sebastien, M. Despont, Y. Chen, K. Sridharan, P. Jaroenapibal, and R.W. Carpick, proc. 34th International Conference on Micro and Nano Engineering, Athens, Greece, September 2008.

    • "Decay of Activity Induced by Solar Wind Implantation of Lunar Mineral Analogs"; K.R. Kuhlman, K. Sridharan, Y. Chen, D. Garrison, D.S. McKay, and L.A. Taylor, proc. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Houston, TX, October 2008.

    • "Structural and Nanotribological Properties of Carbon-Implanted Silicon Scanning Probe Tips"; P. Jaroenapibal, R.W. Carpick, S.D. O'Connor, Y. Chen, K. Sridharan, K.T. Turner, M. Lantz, and B. Gotsmann, Materials Research Society Annual Conference, Boston, MA, November 2008.

    • "Effect of Grain Boundary Engineering on Microstructure and Properties of Alloy 800H"; L, Tan, L. Rakotojaona, K. Sridharan, T.R. Allen, R. Nanstad, and D.A. McClintock, proc. TMS Annual Conference, San Francisco, CA, February 2009.

    • "Decay of Reactivity Induced by Simulated Solar Wind Implantation of a Forsteritic Olivine"; K.R. Kuhlman, K. Sridharan, D.H. Garrison, D.S. McKay, and L.A. Taylor, proc. 40th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, March 2009.

    Industrial Reports (coauthored):

    • "Plasma Source Ion Implantation of WC-CO Punches"; IBM, 1993.

    • "Hardness and Wear Characterization of Surface Modified Tool and Die Alloy Steels"; A.O. Smith, 1996.

    • "Evaluation of Spalling of Diamond-like Carbon Coating and Illustration of TAMIX Code Simulation"; Boeing, 1997.

    • "Evaluation of PVD Zirconium-Nitride Coatings for Kwikset Applications"; Kwikset, 1997.

    • "Characterization of a Vanadium Carbide Coating prepared by Ion Beam Assisted Deposition using Plasma Source Ion Implantation"; General Motors, 1998.

    • "Carbon Plasma Surface Modification of 52100 Bearing Steel"; Kearfott Guidance, 1999.

    • "Effect of Plasma Ion Implantation on Fretting Wear of Zircaloy used in Nuclear Reactor Applications"; General Electric, 1999.

    • "Structure of Boron-Containing Coatings Deposited on Zirconium-Alloy Fuel Clad Material using a Cold-Spray Process"; Westinghouse, 2004.

    • "500 hour Static Corrosion Testing of Alloys in 40 wt. % KNO3 - 60 wt % NaNO3 Molten Salt"; Shell Global Solutions, 2008.

    Selected Presentations:

    • "Effect of Irradiation with 4MeV Ni Ions on Microstructure of High Strength Invar Alloys"; Physical Metallurgy of Controlled Expansion Invar-Type Alloys Session, ASM/TMS Annual Conf., Las Vegas, NV, 1989.

    • "Plasma-Aided Implantation/Deposition to Resist Degradation of Orthopedic Materials"; Division of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, WI, 1993.

    • "Investigation of Plasma-Aided Coatings as an Environmentally Acceptable Alternative to Electroplating Procedures"; Army Basic and Advanced Research Program, Ft. Belvoir, VA, 1996.

    • "Surface Modification of Materials by Plasma Source Ion Implantation", 10th Surface Modification Technology Conference, Singapore, 1996.

    • "Surface Engineering of Materials by Plasma-Based Ion Implantation and Film Deposition"; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 2001.

    • "Incorporation of Integral Fuel Burnable Absorbers Boron and Gadolinium into Zirconium Alloys using Energetic Ion Bombardment Processes"; Department of Energy, Washington D.C., 2004.

    • "Progress in Understanding Corrosion in Supercritical Water Systems", 3rd Intl. Symposium on SCWR-Design and Technology, Shanghai, China, 2007.

    • "Alloy Corrosion In Molten FLiNaK Salt"; American Nuclear Society Annual Conference, Boston, MA, 2007.

    • "High Temperature Corrosion of Materials in Supercritical Water and Liquid Lead Environments"; 212th Electrochemical Society Conference, Washington D.C., 2008.

    • "Getting Ready for Materials Testing in Advanced Test Reactor - an User's Perspective"; Advanced Test Reactor - National Scientific User Facility Workshop, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 2008.

    • "Plasma-Based Surface Treatments and Corrosion in High Temperature Environments"; U.S. Army Corrosion Summit, Clearwater, Florida, 2009.

    • "Corrosion of Candidate Alloys in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide"; Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Cycle Symposium, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, 2009.

    • "Emissivity of Candidate Materials for VHTR Applications: Role of Oxidation and Surface Modification Treatments": Department of Energy Very High Temperature Reactor R & D Conference, Las Vegas, NV, 2009.

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